tourism competitiveness of Korea

http://www.fnnews.com/view?ra=Sent0701m_View&corp=fnnews&arcid=0922390442&cDateYear=2011&cDateMonth=08&cDateDay=14

Korean tourism industry. competitiveness

Tourism intelligence

travel and tourism consultancy based on Germany.

"We enjoy a worldwide reputation for the quality of our research, analysis, advice and strategic planning in the field of international travel and tourism."

http://www.tourism-intelligence.com/article.php?id=26

Other canon- Erik S. Reinert

The Other Canon is 'Reality Economics', the study of the economy as a real object, not defined in terms of the adoption of core assumptions and techniques. A production-based economic theory where economic development is an intrinsically uneven process, The Other Canon provides tools for political economy, economic development and industrial policy.

http://www.othercanon.org/

"How rich countries got rich and why poor countries stay poor" - Erik S. Reinert

Protectionism

International trade

Globalization

Development

"Global sustainable development depends on poor countries creating employment outside the diminishing returns sector, outside the raw material-based sector where, in the absence of an increasing returns sector, the Malthusian vicious circles of poverty and rape of nature are raging.(p.111)"

Economic growth and development -increasing returns, effects of technology and learning, and synergy effects.

"Technological change does not solve the income problems in the raw materials sector because productivity increases tend to cause lower export prices rather than higher income." - Hans Singer (1950). (in Reinert's book p. 310)

"The competitiveness of a country is, according to OECD definition, to raise real wages while still remaining competitive on the world markets. In most of the Third World today this situation is turned upside down: wages are lowered in order to be internationally competitive (p.115)."

"An education policy must be matched by an industrial policy that creates demand for the graduates."

MNCs -Porter

"The role of multinationals must indeed be integral to any comprehensive effort to explain competitive success in an industry. Yet explaining the existence of multinationals, the focus of much previous work, leaves the essential questions for our purposes unanswered. ....

... why and how do multinationals from a particular nation develop unique skills and know-how in particular industries? Why do some multinationals from some nations sustain and build on these advantages and others do not?" (p. 18)

Porter, M. The competitive advantage of nations